Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Pre-core and Core Genes Mutations in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

Background: Genomic studies of hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity are becoming increasingly significant to understand how HBV mutations interact with a wide spectrum clinical and pathological disorders. Objective: This study focused on identifying genotypes determining the status pre-core (PC) core promoter (CP) mutants. Methods: Nested polymerase chain reaction was used identify viral 100 patients chronic infection. Only 30 samples out were selected determine prevalence in PC CP by Sanger sequencing. Results: Over 95% had only D genotype mixed 5% (B+C+D) (CHB) patients. G1898A, G1901A, G1910A G1915A gene found total 15 (50%) samples, which distributed following proportions: 12 25 (48%) e antigen (HBeAg) -ve, 8 mutants at (four mutations), 4 G 1901A (three mutations). In addition, 3 5 (60%) HBeAg +ve, while no type any mutation detected B. Conclusion: The predominantly prevalent among CHB (B+C+D), C relatively less than D. nucleotides G1915A, gene. Keywords: Genotypes, mutation, Citation: Hussain HT, Al-Shuwaikh AM, Ahmed AM. Hepatitis genes sample Iraqi Infection. JMS. 2022; 20(2): 217-225. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.20.2.8